Cardiac Output III: Autonomic Regulation of Cardiac Function

Practice: Below is a table of cardiac data for a 30-year-old physics tutor at rest.

The physics tutor thinks about what would happen if Maxwell’s Equations were proven incorrect, and becomes terrified. As a result, he has a dramatic increase in sympathetic tone on his heart. Which of the following correctly identifies the changes in heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output he will experience as a result of this increase in sympathetic tone? 

Practice: The physics tutor then remembers that Maxwell’s Equations are rock-solid, and so relaxes. As a result, he has a dramatic increase in parasympathetic tone on his heart. Which of the following correctly identifies the changes in heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output he will experience (relative to rest) as a result of this increase in parasympathetic tone?