Ionic Bonding - Video Tutorials & Practice Problems
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Under Ionic Bonding, a position ion forms a bond with a negative ion.
Understanding Ionic Bonding
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Ionic Bonding Concept 1
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Now, before we discuss, ionic bonding realized that chemical bonding in general is the attractive force that holds atoms or ions together in a chemical compound. These chemical bonds, that's when elements bond they either share or transfer electrons to obtain a filled outer shell, like the noble gases. So that's chemical bonding in general. Now, if we're looking at ionic compounds and by extension ionic bonding, we're going to say here that key features of ionic compounds were going to say it's an attractive force Between the opposing charges of two ions. So basically when we say ionic compounds, we can also refer to them as ionic salts. These are compounds composed of a positive ion called a cat eye on and a negative ion called an an ion. They're opposite charges is what causes them to combine together to make my ionic compound. Now recall that we're gonna say metals tend to lose their valence electrons and non metals tend to gain electrons. We're gonna say, ionic bond formation helps to lower the potential energies of the cat eye on and the an island. So for example we have sodium here and we have chlorine here. We're gonna say that sodium loses an electron because it's a group one A it wants to be plus one. So if it's lost its electron. So now it's plus one Chlorine is in group seven a. Which tends to be -1 in its charge. How is it -1? It just gained the electronic belonged to sodium. So gaining that electronic visit a negative charge because they have opposing charges. Now they're going to combine together to make my ionic compound or ionic solid. So that gives me an A. C. Out. Thank you. Now besides ionic compounds, we have what's called Covalin compounds. These are another type of compounds composed of only non metals. Okay. And they'll be discussed later on for now. Just realize that when it comes to an ionic solid or ionic compound, it's fundamentally a positive ion called a cat ion, connected to a negative ion called an an ion. They're opposite charges. What causes them to be attracted to one another to help make our ionic compounds slash ionic solid?
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Ionic Bonding Example 1
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here were asked which of the following species has bonds with the most ionic character. So think about it. When we talk about Ionic bonding, we said it's the imposing charges of a cat ion and an an ion. Remember, the cat ion, which is positive, is usually a metal. It could also be the ammonium ion. And then remember are an eye on our negative ion will be a non milk. These are the fundamental definitions we talked about way back when we first coupled covered ionic compound versus Covalin compounds. So if you don't remember that good idea to write this down. So basically the most iconic character will be the one that fits this definition of a cat ion bonded toe on an ion. So we're looking, for example, that has either a metal connected toe, a nonmetal or the ammonium ion connected to a non mental. And if we look at our choices present, we see that the only choice has to be option C because here it has tin, which is s and a metal connected to oxygen on non metal. So we have in this example of metal toe a non metal, all the others don't fit the criteria to be an Ionic compound because they're just non metals connected together, they themselves would just represent co violent compounds.
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Ionic Bonding Concept 2
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now with ionic compounds, we have to take a look at their properties. We're gonna say the strength of the attractive forces between the opposing ions directly affect the properties of ionic compounds. So here we can look at their physical states, their conductivity, their temperature as well as their durability. Now we're going to say here that because of the way they are attracted to one another in terms of opposing charges, we're gonna say they exist as solids at room temperature. In terms of conductivity, we can take an ionic solid and dissolve it within a solvent like water. This makes them good electrical conductors when dissolved in terms of temperature. We're gonna say, ionic solids tend to have high melting points and high boiling points and here's the thing because of their opposing charges. It's positive ions connected to negative ions. Were going to say that they tend to be both hard but brittle. So they're hard. They feel hard when you hold them but they're brittle. Which means that if I take a hammer and I hit an ionic solid, it'll splinter and crack because of this brittle behavior. And again, that's because of their opposing charges. So when it comes to ionic solids, just realize that will affect their physical properties in form. In terms of physical state conductivity, temperature and durability
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Ionic Bonding Example 2
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which of the following compounds has properties most similar to sodium chloride. sodium chloride is composed of a metal and non metal. The metal existed as a cat eye on the non metal existed as an anti on their opposing charges is what caused him to combine together to give us sodium chloride and A. C. L. So you have to look to see what else is somewhere to that. If we take a look, we're going to say that A B and D. Are compounds composed of only non metals. So we haven't gone into detail about them. But we know that compounds composed of only non metals are covalin compounds and A. C. L. sodium chloride is an ionic compound. It's composed of a metal and nonmetal. What's most similar to that is potassium bromide, potassium bromide. Here, KBR is also a metal and nonmetal together because it is also an ionic compound. We expected to have similar ionic compound properties like sodium chloride. So here options see is the correct answer.
