Epistasis and Complementation

Which statement below defines epistasis? a) when a single gene affects several phenotypes b) a measurement of phenotype intensity c) when one gene influences or masks the effect of another gene d) a heterozygote displays a phenotype intermediate between its two alleles

A homozygous variety of opium poppy (Papaver somniferum Laciniatum) with lacerate leaves was crossed with another homozygous variety with normal leaves. All the F1 had lacerate leaves (jagged-edged leaves). Two F1 plants were crossed to produce the F2. Of the F2, 249 had lacerate leaves and 16 had normal leaves. How are lacerate leaves determined in the opium poppy?a. two genes, where one allele at a single locus is recessive lethal b. two genes, with a dominant allele at both loci c. two genes, with a dominant allele at either or both loci d. one gene, with codominant alleles at a single locus Give genotypes for all the plants in the P, F1, and F2 generations. Some generations will have more than one genotypePF1F2 (lacerate)F2 (normal)

Suppose two independently assorting genes are involved in the pathway that determine fruit color in squash. These genes interact with each other to produce the squash colors seen in the grocery store.At the first locus, the W allele codes for a dominant white phenotype, whereas the w allele codes for colored squash. A the second locus, the allele Y codes for a dominant yellow phenotype, and the allele y codes for a recessive green phenotoype. The phenotypes from the first locus will always mask the phenotype produced by the second locus if the dominant allele (W) is present at the first locus. This masking pattern is known as the dominant epistasis.A dihybrid squash, WwYy, is selfed and produces 160 offspring. How many offspring are expected to have each of the following phenotypes?White = Yellow =Green = 

To determine whether the mutations in the seven strains leading to the wingless phenotype are in the same gene, your lab sets up complementation tests. You obtain the following results ("+" indicates that complementation was observed; "-" indicates that no complementation was observed).  mutation    1    2    3    4    5    6    7    1  -  2  -  -  3  +  +  -  4  -  -  +  -  5  +  +  -  +  -  6  +  +  -  +  -  -  7  -  -  +  -  +  +  -Which mutants are in the same complementation group as mutant strain 1?Select all that apply.a) 2b) 3c) 4d) 5e) 6f) 7

To determine whether the mutations in the seven strains leading to the wingless phenotype are in the same gene, your lab sets up complementation tests. You obtain the following results ("+" indicates that complementation was observed; "-" indicates that no complementation was observed).   mutation      1      2      3      4     5      6      7   1   -2   -   -3  +   +   -4  -   -   +   -5  +   +   -  +   -6  +   +   -  +   -   -7   -   -   +  -   +  +  -How many different genes are contributing to the wingless phenotypes in these mutant fly strains?

Match each of the definitions and examples to the form of dominance or epistasis exhibited.