Practice: Illustrate the exception to the electron configuration of molybdenum.
Most Electron Configuration Exceptions are the result of elements drive to obtain half filled or totally filled d orbitals.
Concept #1: Electron Orbital Stability
p and d subshells are most stable when either half filled or totally filled with electrons.
Concept #2: Exceptions to Electron Configurations
Concept #3: Half-filled Orbitals
When electron configuration ends with d4, an s orbital electron is promoted to d orbital to create half filled orbital: d5.
Concept #4: Completely-filled Orbitals
When electron configuration ends with d9, an s orbital electron is promoted to d orbital to create completely filled orbital: d10.
Example #1: Based on the exceptions, provide the condensed electron configuration for the silver atom.
Practice: Illustrate the exception to the electron configuration of molybdenum.
Practice: Which of the following is the correct electron configuration of gold?
Practice: A comparison of the electron configurations of palladium (Pd) and silver (Ag) indicates that: