Solution: Which of the following is NOT a component of Dalton’s Atomic Theory? A. A chemical reaction rearranges the grouping of atoms. B. Atoms are comprised of protons, neutrons, and electrons. C. Atoms of a given element are chemically and physically identical. D. Atoms of different elements combine in simple, whole number ratios to form compounds. E. Matter is composed of atoms, which cannot be created or destroyed.