Which halogen has the highest boiling point?(a) Cl...

Question

Which halogen has the highest boiling point?(a) Cl2 (b) Br2(c) l2

Jules Bruno · Accepted Answer

We are being asked to determine the halogen has the highest boiling point.Boiling Point▪ the temperature at which a liquid change into vapor▪ influenced by intermolecular forces between moleculesIntermolecular Forces (IMF) are the attractive forces between 2 molecules.• Ion-dipole▪ strongest IMF▪ deals with the attraction between an ion and a polar compound.• Hydrogen Bonding[readmore]▪ 2nd strongest IMF▪ exists anytime hydrogen is directly connected to fluorine, oxygen or nitrogen• Dipole-Dipole▪ 3rd strongest IMF▪ exists when two polar covalent compounds interact• London-Dispersion Forces/Van der Waals Force/Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole▪ weakest IMF▪ deals with the attraction between a polar and nonpolar covalent compound ▪ intermolecular force is found in all compounds, but it's the main intermolecular force of nonpolar covalent compoundsBoiling Point and Intermolecular Forces▪ stronger IMF → molecules are strongly held together▪ more energy is required to break them apart → higher temperature required▪ therefore:    higher boiling (↑ BP) → stronger IMF (↑ IMF)Bimolecular elements are nonpolar molecules since you have the same element bonded to itself so the electronegativity difference is 0.0Cl2, Br2, l2• they are all nonpolar covalentmolecules• they only exhibit London-Dispersion forces (LDF)Comparing molecules with the same IMF:▪ smaller molecular weight (smaller molecule) → smaller area of interaction → weaker IMF▪ larger molecular weight (bigger molecule) → larger area of interaction → stronger IMFCl2molar mass = 35.45 g/mol × 2 = 70.9 g/molBr2 molar mass = 79.9 g/mol × 2 = 159.8 g/moll2molar mass = 126.9 g/mol × 2 = 253.8 g/moll2 → strongest London-Dispersion forces (LDF)Therefore, (c) l2 will have the highest boiling point.

Problem: Which halogen has the highest boiling point?(a) Cl2 (b) Br2(c) l2

FREE Expert Solution

Problem Details

Problem: Which halogen has the highest boiling point?(a) Cl2 (b) Br2(c) l2

FREE Expert Solution

Problem Details

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