Liquid octane will react with gaseous oxygen to pr...

Question

Liquid octane will react with gaseous oxygen to produce gaseous carbon dioxide and gaseous water. Suppose 6.9 g of octane is mixed with 11.8 g of oxygen. Calculate the maximum mass of carbon dioxide that could be produced by the chemical reaction. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.

Jules Bruno · Accepted Answer

Determine the balanced equation and apply stoichiometry to determine the leftover mass of octane after the reactionBefore balancing the chemical reaction, let’s first write the chemical formula of each of the compounds involved in the reaction.Reactants:Octane (liquid)▪ Octane is hydrocarbon with a general formula of CnH2n+2▪ the prefix oct- means that the hydrocarbon has 8 carbons▪ Octane: C8H2(8)+1▪ Octane: C8H18(l)Oxygen (gas)▪ oxygen gas is the natural state of oxygen▪ natural state of oxygen →O2(g)Products:Carbon dioxide (gas) →CO2(g)Water vapor (gas) →H2O(g)[readmore]Unbalanced Chemical Reaction: C8H18(l) + O2(g)→ CO2(g) + H2O(g)Balancing the chemical reaction: 1. Balance the non oxygen and non hydrogen elements first:CC8H18(l) + O2(g)→8 CO2(g) + H2O(g)2. Balance HydrogenC8H18(l) + O2(g)→8 CO2(g) + 9 H2O(g)3. Balance OxygenC8H18(l) + 25/2O2(g)→8 CO2(g) + 9 H2O(g)4. Make sure that all the coefficients are whole numbers[ C8H18(l) + 25/2O2(g)→8 CO2(g) + 9 H2O(g)]x 22C8H18(l) + 25 O2(g)→16 CO2(g) + 18 H2O(g)Reactants                    Products C         8 16                 C         18 16 H         1 8 36               H         2 18 36 O         2 2550            O         3 2550           Balanced Reaction Equation:2C8H18(l) + 25 O2(g)→16 CO2(g) + 18 H2O(g)Next step is to determine the mass of CO2 produced by finding the limiting reagent between octane and oxygen.The molar mass of C8H18 and O2:C­8H18          8 C × 12.01 g/mol C = 96.08 g/mol                18 H × 1.01 g/mol = 18.18 g/mol                                 Sum = 114.26 g/molO2            2 O × 16 g/mol = 32 g/mol C­O2        1 C × 12.01 g/mol C = 12.01 g/mol             2 O × 16 g/mol = 32 g/mol                                 Sum = 44.01 g/molFrom the balanced equation, 2 moles of C8H18 reacts with 25 moles of O2Setting up the dimensional analysis for the mass of CO2 produced using O2:mass of CO2 = 11.8 g O2 1 mol O232 g O216 mol CO225 mol O244.01 g CO21 mol CO2mass of CO2 = 12.85 g Setting up the dimensional analysis for the mass of CO2 produced using octane:mass of CO2 =6.9 g C8H18 1 mol C8H18114.28 g C8H1816 mol CO22 mol C8H1844.01 g CO21 mol CO2mass of CO2 = 21.26 g Since O2 produced the least amount of CO2, therefore the maximum mass produced is 12.85 g

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