(a) Which is generally stronger, intermolecular in...

Question

(a) Which is generally stronger, intermolecular interactions or intramolecular interactions? (b) Which of these kinds of interactions are broken when a liquid is converted to a gas?

Jules Bruno · Accepted Answer

For Par (a), we're being asked to determine which is generally stronger, intermolecular interactions or intramolecular interactions.Intermolecular forces are the forces or interactions between atoms, molecules, or ions and their neighboring particles. Recall that there are several types of intermolecular forces:[readmore]1. Ion-dipole interaction – occurs between an ion and a polar covalent compound2. Hydrogen bonding – occurs in compounds where hydrogen is directly connected to an electronegative element such as N, O, or F3. Dipole-dipole interaction – occurs between two polar covalent compounds4. Induced-dipole interaction – occurs when a nonpolar compound interacts with a polar compound5. Dispersion forces – occurs in all compounds. This is the primary intermolecular force exhibited by nonpolar compounds.On the other hand, intramolecular forces are the forces that hold atoms together within a compound or molecule.Generally, it is harder and requires greater energy to break atoms apart in a compound compared to breaking molecules apart. Therefore, intramolecular interactions are generally stronger compared to intermolecular interactions.For Part (b), we're being asked to determine which interactions are broken when a liquid is converted to a gas.Recall that when in the liquid phase, molecules are relatively close together and interacting with each other. When they are converted to gas, these interactions are broken and molecules are farther apart from each other. For example, when converting liquid water to water vapor:H2O(l) → H2O(g)We are not breaking apart hydrogen and oxygen atoms, so intramolecular forces are not broken.Therefore, intermolecular forces are broken when a liquid is converted to a gas.

Problem: (a) Which is generally stronger, intermolecular interactions or intramolecular interactions? (b) Which of these kinds of interactions are broken when a liquid is converted to a gas?

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Problem Details

Problem: (a) Which is generally stronger, intermolecular interactions or intramolecular interactions? (b) Which of these kinds of interactions are broken when a liquid is converted to a gas?

FREE Expert Solution

Problem Details

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