A valid Lewis structure of _____ cannot be drawn w...

Question

A valid Lewis structure of _____ cannot be drawn without violating the octet rule.a. NI3b. SO2c. ICl5d. SiF4e. CO2

Jules Bruno · Accepted Answer

Analyze the central atom of each molecule and determine if it’s capable of having an expanded octet or an incomplete octet by constructing a Lewis structureStep 1. Establish the octet rule exceptionsRecall that atoms tend to follow the octet rule which refers to the tendency of atoms to prefer eight electrons in the valence shell.[readmore]Incomplete octetAn incomplete octet occurs when the central element in a Lewis Dot Structure is surrounded by less than 8 valence electrons.Usually, elements in period 1 and 2 (H to B) are the ones that have an incomplete octetExpanded octetAn expanded octet occurs when the central element in a Lewis Dot Structure is surrounded by more than 8 valence electrons.Non-metals starting from period 3 to 7 can have more than 8 valence electrons around them as the central atomYellow blocks prefer an incomplete octet while white blocks prefer to follow the octet ruleRest (in blue blocks) can have an expanded octetStep 2. Analyze the choices. Determine the central atom and categorize if it prefers the octet rule or nota. NI3N is less electronegative than I, therefore, N is the central atomN follows the octet rule, therefore, this is not the answerb. SO2S is less electronegative than O so S will be the central atomS can have more than 8 electrons around therefore this is a possible answerc. ICl5I is less electronegative than Cl, therefore, I is the central atomI can have more than 8 electrons around therefore this is a possible answerd. SiF4Si is less electronegative than F, therefore, Si is the central atomSi can have more than 8 electrons around therefore this is a possible answere. CO2C is less electronegative than O, therefore, C is the central atomC follows the octet rule, therefore, this is not the answerStep 3. Determine structures of SO2, ICl5, and SiF4b. SO2Total valence electrons of SO2 will appear as:            Group             Valence ElectronsS         6A                   1 × 6 e– = 6 e–O         6A                   2 × 6 e– = 12 e–   Total: 18 valence e–Lewis structure will appear as S being double bonded to two O atoms.S and O atoms have 2 lone pairs on itNotice S having 10 electrons around it, therefore, S has an expanded octet in this structureHowever, there’s another possible structure for SO2 which is more favored by utilizing a charge for S and OResonance structure for SO2 can appear as S being double bonded and single bonded in each O. Resonance hybrid will appear as:This resonance hybrid is preferred compared to the previous structure since S follows the octet and at the same time the structure has a net charge of 0Therefore, S in SO2 will follow the octet rule. SO2 is not the answerc. ICl5Total valence electrons of ICl5 will appear as:            Group             Valence ElectronsI         7A                   1 × 7 e– = 7 e–Cl       7A                   5 × 7 e– = 35 e–Total: 42 valence eLewis structure will appear as I being single bonded to 5 Cl atoms.Cl atoms have 3 lone pairs on it while I have 1 lone pairNotice that I have 12 electrons around it which means it has an expanded octetFor this structure, we can’t reduce or alter the bonds around I so this is the only possible structure for ICl5, unlike SO2 which has an alternate structure where S can follow the octetTherefore, ICl5 is the answerd. SiF4Total valence electrons of SiF4 will appear as:            Group             Valence ElectronsSi        4A                   1 × 4 e– = 4 e–F        7A                   4 × 7 e– = 28 e–Total: 32 valence eLewis structure will appear as Si being single bonded to 4 F atoms.F atoms have 3 lone pairs on it while S has 0Although Si can have an expanded octet, Si for this structure follows the octet since it has 8 electrons around it (4 bonds)Therefore, SiF4 is not the answerThe answer is C. ICl5

Problem: A valid Lewis structure of _____ cannot be drawn without violating the octet rule.a. NI3b. SO2c. ICl5d. SiF4e. CO2

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Problem: A valid Lewis structure of _____ cannot be drawn without violating the octet rule.a. NI3b. SO2c. ICl5d. SiF4e. CO2

FREE Expert Solution

Problem Details

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