Ch.4 - Chemical Quantities & Aqueous ReactionsWorksheetSee all chapters
All Chapters
Ch.1 - Intro to General Chemistry
Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements
Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions
Ch.4 - Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions
Ch.5 - Gases
Ch.6 - Thermochemistry
Ch.7 - Quantum Mechanics
Ch.8 - Periodic Properties of the Elements
Ch.9 - Bonding & Molecular Structure
Ch.10 - Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory
Ch.11 - Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces
Ch.12 - Solutions
Ch.13 - Chemical Kinetics
Ch.14 - Chemical Equilibrium
Ch.15 - Acid and Base Equilibrium
Ch.16 - Aqueous Equilibrium
Ch. 17 - Chemical Thermodynamics
Ch.18 - Electrochemistry
Ch.19 - Nuclear Chemistry
Ch.20 - Organic Chemistry
Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals
Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds
Sections
Molarity
Normality & Equivalent Weight
Solution Stoichiometry
Solubility Rules
Net Ionic Equations
Electrolytes
Redox Reaction
Balancing Redox Reactions
Activity Series
End of Chapter 4 Problems
Additional Practice
Redox Reactions
Calculate Oxidation Number
Additional Guides
Dilution
Net Ionic Equation
Oxidation Reduction (Redox) Reactions
Oxidation Number
Types of Chemical Reactions
LearnAdditional PracticeSummary
Next SectionNet Ionic Equations

Solution:
Qualitative analysis. A flowchart showing a common scheme for identifying cations.
After which step would the first precipitate be observed?

Solution: Qualitative analysis. A flowchart showing a common scheme for identifying cations. After which step would the first precipitate be observed?

Problem

Qualitative analysis. A flowchart showing a common scheme for identifying cations.

A flowchart shows how to identify cations through qualitative analysis. The flowchart is presented here as an ordered list. Begin with a solution containing unknown metal cations: Add 6 molar HCl. Precipitate: Group 1 (insoluble chlorides: AgCl, PbCl2, Hg2Cl2). Precipitate: Group 1 (insoluble chlorides: AgCl, PbCl2, Hg2Cl2). Add H2S and 0.2 molar HCl. Precipitate: Group 2 (acid-insoluble sulfides: CuS, CdS, Bi2S3, PbS, HgS, As2S3, Sb2S3, SnS2). Decantate: remaining cations. Add (NH4) 2S at pH equals 8. Precipitate: Group 3 (base-insoluble sulfides and hydroxides: Al(OH) 3, Fe(OH)3, Cr(OH)3, ZnS, NiS, MnS, CoS). Decantate: remaining cations. Add (NH4)2HPO4 and NH3. Precipitate: Group 4 (Insoluble phosphates: Ca3 (PO4)2, Sr2 (PO4)2, Ba3(PO4)2, MgNH4PO4. Decantate: Group 5 (Alkali metal ions and NH4+).

After which step would the first precipitate be observed?

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