Do Cr3+ and V2+ have the same or different electro...

Question

Do Cr3+ and V2+ have the same or different electron configurations?

Jules Bruno · Accepted Answer

We’re being asked if Cr3+ and V2+ have the same or different electron configurations. Before we can do that, we have to first write the electron configuration of a neutral ground state for both vanadium (V) and chromium (Cr). You can determine the ground-state electron configuration of Vanadium (V) and Chromium (Cr) by locating the position of V and Cr in the periodic table.Ground-state means that the element is in its lowest energy form (not in excited state). You see in the above illustration of the periodic table that V is in Period 4 and d-block and Cr is in Period 4 and d-block.[readmore]For Neutral V, Before reaching V, you will pass through the atomic orbitals 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d In a neutral atom:Atomic number = # of protons = # of electronsV: atomic number = 23 →23 protons & 23 electronsDistribute electrons in atomic orbitals: Recall: s           _                1 orbital p        _ _ _             3 orbitals d       _ _ _ _ _        5 orbitals s orbital → can hold a maximum of 2 electrons p orbitals → can hold a maximum of 6 electrons d orbitals → can hold a maximum of 10 electrons f orbitals → can hold a maximum of 14 electronsWrite the electron configuration from the lowest energy level to the highest energy level:Neutral V: 1s22s22p63s23p63d34s2Going back to the vanadium ion:V2+charge = +2the +2 charge means that it lost 2 electronssubtract 2 e- from the outermost electrons of Vsubtract the electrons from the highest numbered orbital or higher energy orbital4s is the highest number orbitalV2+: 1s22s22p63s23p63d34s2V2+: 1s22s22p63s23p63d34s2-2V2+: 1s22s22p63s23p63d34s0V2+: 1s22s22p63s23p63d3For Neutral Cr,Before reaching Cr, you will pass through the atomic orbitals 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3dIn a neutral atom:Cr atomic number = 24 →  24 protons & 24 electronsDistribute electrons in atomic orbitalss orbital → can hold a maximum of 2 electronsp orbitals → can hold a maximum of 6 electronsd orbitals → can hold a maximum of 10 electronsWrite the electron configuration from the lowest energy level to the highest energy level:We obtain:Neutral Cr: 1s22s22p63s23p63d44s2Recall: Some elements will break the order of electrons and orbitals. When an element is in its neutral form its electron configuration cannot possess a d4 or d9 orbital because of energetic reasons. So that, an electron from the s-orbital is promoted to the d-orbital. For Chromium, it has a d4 orbital. One of the electrons from its 4s orbital will be promoted to 3d.Cr3+: 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d4Cr3+: 1s22s22p63s23p64s2-13d4+1Neutral Cr: 1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1Going back to the chromium ion:Cr+3charge = +3the +3 charge means that it lost 3 electronssubtract 3 e- from the outermost electrons of Crsubtract the electrons from the highest numbered orbital or higher energy orbital4s is the highest number orbital then 3dCr3+: 1s22s22p63s23p64s13d5Cr3+: 1s22s22p63s23p64s1-13d5-2Cr3+: 1s22s22p63s23p64s03d3Cr3+: 1s22s22p63s23p63d3Comparison of the electron configuration of V2+ and Cr3+V2+: 1s22s22p63s23p63d3Cr3+: 1s22s22p63s23p63d3They have similar electron configurations.Cr3+ and V2+ have the same electron configurations.

Problem: Do Cr3+ and V2+ have the same or different electron configurations?

FREE Expert Solution

Problem Details

Problem: Do Cr3+ and V2+ have the same or different electron configurations?

FREE Expert Solution

Problem Details

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