According to the VSEPR Model, bond angles result from surrounding elements and lone pairs around the central element positioning themselves at an optimal distance.
Concept #1: VSEPR Model for Bonding
The Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory gives bond angles based on the number of groups around the central element.
Concept #2: Ideal Bond Angles
The more lone pairs on the central element then the more compressed the bond angle, and the greater the deviation from an ideal bond angle.
Concept #3: Lone Pairs & Bond Angles
Example #1: Determine the bond angles of each of the following compounds.
CO2
Example #2: Determine the bond angles of each of the following compounds.
BrF4+
Practice: Determine the bond angle of the following compound. AsCl5
Practice: Determine the bond angle of the following compound: IF3.