Campbell Biology in Focus Urry • 2nd Edition • 978-0321962751

Ch.1 - Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

Introduction to Biology Characteristics of Life Life's Organizational Hierarchy Natural Selection and Evolution Introduction to Taxonomy Scientific Method Experimental Design

Ch.2 - The Chemical Context of Life

Atoms- Smallest Unit of Matter Isotopes Introduction to Chemical Bonding Covalent Bonds Noncovalent Bonds Ionic Bonding Hydrogen Bonding Introduction to Water Properties of Water- Cohesion and Adhesion Properties of Water- Density Properties of Water- Thermal Properties of Water- The Universal Solvent Acids and Bases pH Scale

Ch.3 - Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

Carbon Functional Groups Introduction to Biomolecules Monomers & Polymers Carbohydrates Proteins Nucleic Acids Lipids

Ch.4 - A Tour of the Cell

Microscopes Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells Introduction to Eukaryotic Organelles Endomembrane System: Protein Secretion Endomembrane System: Digestive Organelles Mitochondria & Chloroplasts Endosymbiotic Theory Introduction to the Cytoskeleton Cell Junctions

Ch.5 - Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

Biological Membranes Types of Membrane Proteins Concentration Gradients and Diffusion Introduction to Membrane Transport Passive vs. Active Transport Osmosis Simple and Facilitated Diffusion Active Transport Endocytosis and Exocytosis

Ch.6 - An Introduction to Metabolism

Introduction to Metabolism Introduction to Energy Laws of Thermodynamics Chemical Reactions ATP Enzymes Enzyme Activation Energy Enzyme Binding Factors Enzyme Inhibition Negative & Positive Feedback

Ch.7 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Redox Reactions Introduction to Cellular Respiration Types of Phosphorylation Glycolysis Pyruvate Oxidation Krebs Cycle Electron Transport Chain Chemiosmosis Review of Aerobic Cellular Respiration Fermentation & Anaerobic Respiration

Ch.8 - Photosynthesis

Introduction to Photosynthesis Leaf & Chloroplast Anatomy Stages of Photosynthesis Electromagnetic Spectrum Pigments of Photosynthesis Light Reactions of Photosynthesis Calvin Cycle Photorespiration C3, C4 & CAM Plants Review of Photosynthesis

Ch.9 - The Cell Cycle

Introduction to Cell Division Organization of DNA in the Cell Introduction to the Cell Cycle Interphase Phases of Mitosis Cytokinesis Cell Cycle Regulation Review of the Cell Cycle Cancer

Ch.10 - Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Genes & Alleles Homologous Chromosomes Life Cycle of Sexual Reproducers Introduction to Meiosis Meiosis I Meiosis II Mitosis & Meiosis Review Genetic Variation During Meiosis

Ch.11 - Mendel and the Gene Idea

Introduction to Mendel's Experiments Genotype vs. Phenotype Punnett Squares Mendel's Experiments Mendel's Laws Monohybrid Crosses Test Crosses Dihybrid Crosses Punnett Square Probability Incomplete Dominance vs. Codominance Epistasis Non-Mendelian Genetics Pedigrees Autosomal Inheritance Sex-Linked Inheritance X-Inactivation

Ch.12 - The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

Ch.13 - The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

The Griffith Experiment The Hershey-Chase Experiment Chargaff's Rules Discovering the Structure of DNA Meselson-Stahl Experiment Introduction to DNA Replication DNA Polymerases Leading & Lagging DNA Strands Steps of DNA Replication DNA Repair Telomeres Introduction to DNA-Based Technology Introduction to DNA Cloning Steps to DNA Cloning Introduction to Polymerase Chain Reaction The Steps of PCR Gel Electrophoresis Southern Blotting DNA Fingerprinting Introduction to DNA Sequencing Dideoxy Sequencing PCR and Dideoxy Sequencing DNA Fingerprinting

Ch.14 - Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Central Dogma Introduction to Transcription Steps of Transcription Eukaryotic RNA Processing and Splicing Introduction to Types of RNA Genetic Code Introduction to Translation Steps of Translation Post-Translational Modification Review of Transcription vs. Translation Mutations

Ch.15 - Regulation of Gene Expression

Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression Prokaryotic Gene Regulation via Operons The Lac Operon Glucose's Impact on Lac Operon The Trp Operon Review of the Lac Operon & Trp Operon Introduction to Eukaryotic Gene Regulation Eukaryotic Chromatin Modifications Eukaryotic Transcriptional Control Eukaryotic Post-Transcriptional Regulation Eukaryotic Post-Translational Regulation

Ch.16 - Development, Stem Cells, and Cancer

Developmental Biology Animal Development Plant Development

Ch.17 - Viruses

Viruses

Ch.18 - Genomes and Their Evolution

Genomes Genetic Variation

Ch.19 - Descent with Modification

Descent with Modification Hardy-Weinberg Model

Ch.20 - Phylogeny

Phylogeny

Ch.21 - The Evolution of Populations

Hardy-Weinberg Model Genetic Variation

Ch.22 - The Origin of Species

Species

Ch.23 - Broad Patterns of Evolution

History of Life on Earth

Ch.24 - Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

Prokaryote Cell Structures Prokaryote Reproduction and Gene Exchange Prokaryote Metabolism and Ecology Prokaryote Lineages

Ch.25 - The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Protist Cells Protist Life Cycles Protist Lineages

Ch.26 - The Colonization of Land

Fungi Fungi Reproduction Land Plants Nonvascular Plants Seedless Vascular Plants Seed Plants

Ch.27 - The Rise of Animal Diversity

Overview of Animals Porifera and Cnideria Chordates Aminotes Primates and Homonids

Ch.28 - Plant Structure and Growth

Roots and Shoots Tissues Growth

Ch.29 - Resource Acquisition, Nutrition, and Transport in Vascular Plants

Water Potential Soil and Nutrients Nitrogen Fixation

Ch.30 - Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Flowers Seeds

Ch.31 - Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Phototropism Tropisms and Hormones Plant Defenses

Ch.32 - The Internal Environment of Animals: Organization and Regulation

Endocrine System Animal Tissues Metabolism and Homeostasis Thermoregulation Osmoregulation and Excretion

Ch.33 - Animal Nutrition

Digestion

Ch.34 - Circulation and Gas Exchange

Circulatory and Respiratory Anatomy Heart Physiology Gas Exchange

Ch.35 - The Immune System

Immune System Innate Immunity Adaptive Immunity

Ch.36 - Reproduction and Development

Animal Reproduction Developmental Biology Animal Development

Ch.37 - Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Neurons and Action Potentials

Ch.38 - Nervous and Sensory Systems

Central and Peripheral Nervous System Sensory System

Ch.39 - Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Musculoskeletal System Animal Behavior

Ch.40 - Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Ch.41 - Species Interactions

Community Interactions Community Structure

Ch.42 - Ecosystems and Energy

Ecosystems

Ch.43 - Global Ecology and Conservation Biology

Biomes Conservation Biology