Biology: Concepts and Applications Starr • 6th Edition • 978-0495393979

Ch. 1 - Invitation to Biology

Introduction to Biology Characteristics of Life Life's Organizational Hierarchy Natural Selection and Evolution Introduction to Taxonomy Scientific Method Experimental Design

Ch. 2 - Life's Chemical Basis

Atoms- Smallest Unit of Matter Isotopes Introduction to Chemical Bonding Covalent Bonds Noncovalent Bonds Ionic Bonding Hydrogen Bonding Introduction to Water Properties of Water- Cohesion and Adhesion Properties of Water- Density Properties of Water- Thermal Properties of Water- The Universal Solvent Acids and Bases pH Scale

Ch. 3 - Molecules of Life

Carbon Functional Groups Introduction to Biomolecules Monomers & Polymers Carbohydrates Proteins Nucleic Acids Lipids

Ch. 4 - How Cells Are Put Together

Microscopes Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells Introduction to Eukaryotic Organelles Endomembrane System: Protein Secretion Endomembrane System: Digestive Organelles Mitochondria & Chloroplasts Endosymbiotic Theory Introduction to the Cytoskeleton Cell Junctions

Ch. 5 - How Cells Work

Introduction to Energy Laws of Thermodynamics Chemical Reactions ATP Enzymes Enzyme Activation Energy Enzyme Binding Factors Enzyme Inhibition Introduction to Metabolism Negative & Positive Feedback Biological Membranes Types of Membrane Proteins Concentration Gradients and Diffusion Introduction to Membrane Transport Passive vs. Active Transport Osmosis Simple and Facilitated Diffusion Active Transport Endocytosis and Exocytosis

Ch. 6 - Where It Starts - Photosynthesis

Introduction to Photosynthesis Leaf & Chloroplast Anatomy Electromagnetic Spectrum Pigments of Photosynthesis Stages of Photosynthesis Light Reactions of Photosynthesis Calvin Cycle Photorespiration C3, C4 & CAM Plants Review of Photosynthesis

Ch. 7 - How Cells Release Chemical Energy

Redox Reactions Introduction to Cellular Respiration Types of Phosphorylation Glycolysis Pyruvate Oxidation Krebs Cycle Electron Transport Chain Chemiosmosis Review of Aerobic Cellular Respiration Fermentation & Anaerobic Respiration

Ch. 8 - How Cells Reproduce

Introduction to Cell Division Organization of DNA in the Cell Introduction to the Cell Cycle Interphase Phases of Mitosis Cytokinesis Cell Cycle Regulation Review of the Cell Cycle Cancer

Ch. 9 - Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Genes & Alleles Homologous Chromosomes Life Cycle of Sexual Reproducers Introduction to Meiosis Meiosis I Meiosis II Mitosis & Meiosis Review Genetic Variation During Meiosis

Ch. 10 + 11 - Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Introduction to Mendel's Experiments Genotype vs. Phenotype Punnett Squares Mendel's Experiments Mendel's Laws Monohybrid Crosses Test Crosses Dihybrid Crosses Punnett Square Probability Incomplete Dominance vs. Codominance Epistasis Non-Mendelian Genetics Pedigrees Autosomal Inheritance Sex-Linked Inheritance X-Inactivation

Ch. 12 - DNA Structure and Function

The Griffith Experiment The Hershey-Chase Experiment Chargaff's Rules Discovering the Structure of DNA Meselson-Stahl Experiment Introduction to DNA Replication DNA Polymerases Leading & Lagging DNA Strands Steps of DNA Replication DNA Repair Telomeres

Ch. 13 - From DNA to Proteins

Central Dogma Introduction to Transcription Steps of Transcription Eukaryotic RNA Processing and Splicing Introduction to Types of RNA Genetic Code Introduction to Translation Steps of Translation Post-Translational Modification Review of Transcription vs. Translation Mutations

Ch. 14 - Controls Over Genes

Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression Prokaryotic Gene Regulation via Operons The Lac Operon Glucose's Impact on Lac Operon The Trp Operon Review of the Lac Operon & Trp Operon Introduction to Eukaryotic Gene Regulation Eukaryotic Chromatin Modifications Eukaryotic Transcriptional Control Eukaryotic Post-Transcriptional Regulation Eukaryotic Post-Translational Regulation

Ch. 15 - Studying and Manipulating Genomes

Introduction to DNA-Based Technology Introduction to DNA Cloning Steps to DNA Cloning Introduction to Polymerase Chain Reaction The Steps of PCR Gel Electrophoresis Southern Blotting DNA Fingerprinting Introduction to DNA Sequencing Dideoxy Sequencing Genomes

Ch. 16 - Processes of Evolution

Descent with Modification Hardy-Weinberg Model Genetic Variation

Ch. 17 - Evolutionary Patterns, Rates, and Trends

Species Phylogeny

Ch. 18 - The Origin and Early Evolution of Life

History of Life on Earth

Ch. 19 - Prokaryotes and Viruses

Prokaryote Cell Structures Prokaryote Reproduction and Gene Exchange Prokaryote Metabolism and Ecology Prokaryote Lineages Viruses

Ch. 20 - The Simplest Eukaryotes - Protists and Fungi

Protist Cells Protist Life Cycles Protist Lineages Fungi Fungi Reproduction

Ch. 21 - Plant Evolution

Land Plants Nonvascular Plants Seedless Vascular Plants Seed Plants

Ch. 22 - Animal Evolution—The Invertebrates

Overview of Animals Porifera and Cnideria Lophotrochozoans Ecdysozoans Echinoderms

Ch. 23 - Animal Evolution—The Vertebrates

Chordates Aminotes Primates and Homonids

Ch. 25 - Plant Tissues

Roots and Shoots Tissues Growth

Ch. 26 - Plant Nutrition and Transport

Water Potential Soil and Nutrients Nitrogen Fixation

Ch. 27 - Plant Reproduction and Development

Flowers Seeds Plant Development Phototropism Tropisms and Hormones Plant Defenses

Ch. 28 - Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Animal Tissues Metabolism and Homeostasis Thermoregulation

Ch. 29 - Neural Control

Neurons and Action Potentials Central and Peripheral Nervous System

Ch. 30 - Sensory Perception

Sensory System

Ch. 31 - Endocrine Control

Endocrine System

Ch. 32 - How Animals Move

Musculoskeletal System

Ch. 33 - Circulation

Heart Physiology Circulatory System

Ch. 34 - Immunity

Immune System Innate Immunity Adaptive Immunity

Ch. 35 - Respiration

Respiratory System Gas Exchange

Ch. 36 - Digestion and Human Nutrition

Digestion Blood Sugar Homeostasis

Ch. 37 - The Internal Environment

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Ch. 38 - Animal Reproduction and Development

Animal Reproduction Developmental Biology Animal Development

Ch. 39 - Population Ecology

Population Ecology

Ch. 40 - Community Structure and Biodiversity

Community Interactions Community Structure

Ch. 41 - Ecosystems

Ecosystems

Ch. 42 -The Biosphere

Ecology

Ch. 43 - Behavioral Ecology

Animal Behavior