Concepts of Biology Openstax (Concepts) • 1st Edition • 978-1938168116

Ch. 1 - Introduction to Biology

Introduction to Biology Characteristics of Life Life's Organizational Hierarchy Natural Selection and Evolution Introduction to Taxonomy Scientific Method Experimental Design

Ch. 2 - The Chemistry of Life

Atoms- Smallest Unit of Matter Isotopes Introduction to Chemical Bonding Covalent Bonds Noncovalent Bonds Ionic Bonding Hydrogen Bonding Introduction to Water Properties of Water- Cohesion and Adhesion Properties of Water- Density Properties of Water- Thermal Properties of Water- The Universal Solvent Acids and Bases pH Scale Carbon Functional Groups Introduction to Biomolecules Monomers & Polymers Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids

Ch. 3 - Cell Structure and Function

Microscopes Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells Introduction to Eukaryotic Organelles Endomembrane System: Protein Secretion Endomembrane System: Digestive Organelles Mitochondria & Chloroplasts Introduction to the Cytoskeleton Cell Junctions Biological Membranes Types of Membrane Proteins Concentration Gradients and Diffusion Introduction to Membrane Transport Passive vs. Active Transport Simple and Facilitated Diffusion Osmosis Active Transport Endocytosis and Exocytosis

Ch. 4 - How Cells Obtain Energy

Introduction to Metabolism Introduction to Energy Chemical Reactions Enzymes Enzyme Activation Energy Enzyme Binding Factors Enzyme Inhibition Negative & Positive Feedback ATP Types of Phosphorylation Introduction to Cellular Respiration Review of Aerobic Cellular Respiration Fermentation & Anaerobic Respiration

Ch. 5 - Photosynthesis

Introduction to Photosynthesis Leaf & Chloroplast Anatomy Stages of Photosynthesis Electromagnetic Spectrum Pigments of Photosynthesis Light Reactions of Photosynthesis Calvin Cycle Review of Photosynthesis

Ch. 6 - Reproduction at the Cellular Level

Introduction to Cell Division Organization of DNA in the Cell Introduction to the Cell Cycle Interphase Phases of Mitosis Cytokinesis Cell Cycle Regulation Review of the Cell Cycle Cancer

Ch. 7 - The Cellular Basis of Inheritance

Homologous Chromosomes Life Cycle of Sexual Reproducers Introduction to Meiosis Meiosis I Meiosis II Mitosis & Meiosis Review Genetic Variation During Meiosis

Ch. 8 - Patterns of Inheritance

Introduction to Mendel's Experiments Genotype vs. Phenotype Mendel's Experiments Mendel's Laws Punnett Squares Monohybrid Crosses Test Crosses Dihybrid Crosses Punnett Square Probability Incomplete Dominance vs. Codominance Epistasis Non-Mendelian Genetics

Ch. 9 - Molecular Biology

Discovering the Structure of DNA Meselson-Stahl Experiment Introduction to DNA Replication Telomeres DNA Repair Central Dogma Introduction to Transcription Steps of Transcription Eukaryotic RNA Processing and Splicing Introduction to Types of RNA Genetic Code Introduction to Translation Steps of Translation Post-Translational Modification Review of Transcription vs. Translation Mutations Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression Prokaryotic Gene Regulation via Operons The Lac Operon Glucose's Impact on Lac Operon The Trp Operon Review of the Lac Operon & Trp Operon Introduction to Eukaryotic Gene Regulation Eukaryotic Chromatin Modifications Eukaryotic Transcriptional Control Eukaryotic Post-Transcriptional Regulation Eukaryotic Post-Translational Regulation

Ch. 10 - Biotechnology

Introduction to DNA-Based Technology Introduction to DNA Cloning Steps to DNA Cloning Introduction to Polymerase Chain Reaction The Steps of PCR Gel Electrophoresis Southern Blotting DNA Fingerprinting Introduction to DNA Sequencing Dideoxy Sequencing Genomes

Ch. 11 - Evolution and Its Processes

Descent with Modification Hardy-Weinberg Model Genetic Variation Species

Ch. 12 - Diversity of Life

Phylogeny History of Life on Earth

Ch. 13 - Diversity of Microbes, Fungi, and Protists

Prokaryote Cell Structures Prokaryote Reproduction and Gene Exchange Prokaryote Metabolism and Ecology Prokaryote Lineages Endosymbiotic Theory Protist Cells Protist Life Cycles Protist Lineages Fungi Fungi Reproduction

Ch. 14 - Diversity of Plants

Land Plants Nonvascular Plants Seedless Vascular Plants Seed Plants

Ch. 15 - Diversity of Animals

Overview of Animals Porifera and Cnideria Lophotrochozoans Ecdysozoans Echinoderms Chordates Aminotes Primates and Homonids

Ch. 16 - The Body's Systems

Metabolism and Homeostasis Thermoregulation Osmoregulation and Excretion Digestion Animal Tissues Respiratory System Gas Exchange Circulatory System Heart Physiology Endocrine System Musculoskeletal System Neurons and Action Potentials Central and Peripheral Nervous System

Ch. 17 - The Immune System and Disease

Viruses Immune System Innate Immunity Adaptive Immunity

Ch. 18 - Animal Reproduction and Development

Animal Reproduction Developmental Biology Animal Development

Ch. 19 - Population and Community Ecology

Population Ecology Community Interactions Community Structure

Ch. 20 - Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology Ecosystems

Ch. 21 - Conservation and Biodiversity

Conservation Biology