Understanding Biology Mason • 1st Edition • 978-0073532295

Ch.1 - The Science of Biology

Introduction to Biology Characteristics of Life Life's Organizational Hierarchy Natural Selection and Evolution Introduction to Taxonomy Scientific Method Experimental Design

Ch.2 - The Nature of Molecules and the Properties of Water

Atoms- Smallest Unit of Matter Isotopes Introduction to Chemical Bonding Covalent Bonds Noncovalent Bonds Ionic Bonding Hydrogen Bonding Introduction to Water Properties of Water- Cohesion and Adhesion Properties of Water- Density Properties of Water- Thermal Properties of Water- The Universal Solvent Acids and Bases pH Scale

Ch.3 The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Carbon Functional Groups Introduction to Biomolecules Monomers & Polymers Carbohydrates Proteins Nucleic Acids Lipids

Ch.4 - Cell Structure

Microscopes Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells Introduction to Eukaryotic Organelles Endomembrane System: Protein Secretion Endomembrane System: Digestive Organelles Mitochondria & Chloroplasts Endosymbiotic Theory Introduction to the Cytoskeleton Cell Junctions

Ch.5 - Membranes

Biological Membranes Types of Membrane Proteins Concentration Gradients and Diffusion Osmosis Introduction to Membrane Transport Passive vs. Active Transport Simple and Facilitated Diffusion Active Transport Endocytosis and Exocytosis

Ch.6 - Energy and Metabolism

Introduction to Energy Laws of Thermodynamics Chemical Reactions ATP Enzymes Enzyme Activation Energy Enzyme Binding Factors Enzyme Inhibition Introduction to Metabolism Negative & Positive Feedback

Ch.7 - How Cells Harvest Energy

Redox Reactions Introduction to Cellular Respiration Types of Phosphorylation Glycolysis Pyruvate Oxidation Krebs Cycle Electron Transport Chain Chemiosmosis Review of Aerobic Cellular Respiration Fermentation & Anaerobic Respiration

Ch.8 - Photosynthesis

Introduction to Photosynthesis Leaf & Chloroplast Anatomy Electromagnetic Spectrum Pigments of Photosynthesis Stages of Photosynthesis Light Reactions of Photosynthesis Calvin Cycle Photorespiration C3, C4 & CAM Plants Review of Photosynthesis

Ch.9 - Cell Communication

Introduction to Cell Signaling Classes of Signaling Receptors Types of Cell Signaling Signal Amplification

Ch.10 - How Cells Divide

Introduction to Cell Division Organization of DNA in the Cell Introduction to the Cell Cycle Interphase Phases of Mitosis Cytokinesis Cell Cycle Regulation Review of the Cell Cycle Cancer

Ch.11 - Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Genes & Alleles Homologous Chromosomes Life Cycle of Sexual Reproducers Introduction to Meiosis Meiosis I Meiosis II Genetic Variation During Meiosis Mitosis & Meiosis Review

Ch.12+13 - Patterns of Inheritance

Introduction to Mendel's Experiments Genotype vs. Phenotype Punnett Squares Mendel's Experiments Mendel's Laws Monohybrid Crosses Test Crosses Dihybrid Crosses Punnett Square Probability Incomplete Dominance vs. Codominance Epistasis Non-Mendelian Genetics Pedigrees Autosomal Inheritance Sex-Linked Inheritance X-Inactivation

Ch.14 - DNA: The Genetic Material

The Griffith Experiment The Hershey-Chase Experiment Chargaff's Rules Discovering the Structure of DNA Meselson-Stahl Experiment Introduction to DNA Replication DNA Polymerases Leading & Lagging DNA Strands Steps of DNA Replication Telomeres DNA Repair

Ch.15 - Genes and How They Work

Central Dogma Introduction to Transcription Steps of Transcription Eukaryotic RNA Processing and Splicing Introduction to Types of RNA Genetic Code Introduction to Translation Steps of Translation Post-Translational Modification Review of Transcription vs. Translation Mutations

Ch.16 - The Control of Gene Expression

Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression Prokaryotic Gene Regulation via Operons The Lac Operon Glucose's Impact on Lac Operon The Trp Operon Review of the Lac Operon & Trp Operon Introduction to Eukaryotic Gene Regulation Eukaryotic Chromatin Modifications Eukaryotic Transcriptional Control Eukaryotic Post-Transcriptional Regulation Eukaryotic Post-Translational Regulation

Ch.17 - Biotechnology

Introduction to DNA-Based Technology Introduction to DNA Cloning Steps to DNA Cloning Introduction to Polymerase Chain Reaction The Steps of PCR Gel Electrophoresis Southern Blotting DNA Fingerprinting Introduction to DNA Sequencing Dideoxy Sequencing

Ch.18 - Genomics

Genomes

Ch.19 - Genes Within Populations

Hardy-Weinberg Model Genetic Variation

Ch.20 - The Evidence for Evolution

Descent with Modification

Ch.21 - The Origin of Species

Species History of Life on Earth

Ch.22 - Systematics and the Phylogeny

Phylogeny

Ch.23 - Prokaryotes and Viruses

Prokaryote Cell Structures Prokaryote Reproduction and Gene Exchange Prokaryote Metabolism and Ecology Prokaryote Lineages Viruses

Ch.24 - Protists

Protist Cells Protist Life Cycles Protist Lineages

Ch.25 - Fungi

Fungi Fungi Reproduction

Ch.26 - Plants

Land Plants Nonvascular Plants Seedless Vascular Plants Seed Plants

Ch.27 - Animal Diversity

Overview of Animals Porifera and Cnideria Lophotrochozoans Ecdysozoans Echinoderms

Ch.28 - Vertebrates

Chordates Aminotes Primates and Homonids

Ch.29 - Plant Form

Roots and Shoots Tissues Growth

Ch.30 - Flowering Plant Reproduction

Flowers Seeds

Ch.31 - The Living Plant

Soil and Nutrients Nitrogen Fixation Water Potential Phototropism Tropisms and Hormones Plant Defenses

Ch.32 - The Animal Body and How It Moves

Animal Tissues

Ch.33 - The Nervous System

Neurons and Action Potentials Central and Peripheral Nervous System Sensory System

Ch.34 - Fueling the Body's Metabolism

Digestion Circulatory and Respiratory Anatomy Heart Physiology Gas Exchange

Ch.35 - Maintaining Homeostasis

Metabolism and Homeostasis Thermoregulation

Ch.36 - Reproduction and Development

Animal Reproduction Developmental Biology Animal Development

Ch.37 - Behavioral Biology

Animal Behavior

Ch.38 - Ecology of Individuals and Populations

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Ch.39 - Community Ecology and Ecosystem Dynamics

Community Interactions Community Structure

Ch.40 - The Living World

Biomes Ecosystems Conservation Biology